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| == Lo spettro radio == | | == Lo spettro radio == |
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| | | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |
| {| class="wikitable" | | |+Table of ITU Radio Bands |
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| ! Band name
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| ! Abbreviation
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| ! [[ITU Radio Bands|ITU band]]
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| ! Frequency<br />and<br />wavelength in air
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| ! Example uses
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| |- | | |- |
| | [[Tremendously low frequency]]
| | ! Band Number !! Symbols !! Frequency Range !! Wavelength Range<sup>†</sup> |
| | style="text-align:center;"| TLF
| |
| | style="text-align:center;"|
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| | style="text-align:center; white-space:nowrap;"| < 3 [[Hertz|Hz]]<br />> 100,000 km
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| | style="text-align:center;"| Natural and artificial electromagnetic noise
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| |- | | |- |
| | [[Extremely low frequency]] | | | 4 || [[Very low frequency|VLF]] || 3 to 30 kHz || 10 to 100 km |
| | style="text-align:center;"| ELF
| |
| | style="text-align:center;"|
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| | style="text-align:center; white-space:nowrap;"| 3–30 Hz<br />100,000 km – 10,000 km
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| | style="text-align:center;"|[[Communication with submarines]]
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| |- | | |- |
| | [[Super low frequency]] | | | 5 || [[Low frequency|LF]] || 30 to 300 kHz || 1 to 10 km |
| | style="text-align:center;"| SLF
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| | style="text-align:center;"|
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| | style="text-align:center; white-space:nowrap;"| 30–300 Hz<br />10,000 km – 1000 km | |
| | style="text-align:center;"| Communication with submarines
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| |- | | |- |
| | [[Ultra low frequency]] | | | 6 || [[Medium frequency|MF]] || 300 to 3000 kHz || 100 to 1000 m |
| | style="text-align:center;"| ULF
| |
| | style="text-align:center;"|
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| | style="text-align:center; white-space:nowrap;"| 300–3000 Hz<br />1000 km – 100 km | |
| | style="text-align:center;"| Submarine communication, [[Through the earth mine communications|communication within mines]] | |
| |- | | |- |
| | [[Very low frequency]] | | | 7 || [[High frequency|HF]] || 3 to 30 MHz || 10 to 100 m |
| | style="text-align:center;"| VLF
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| | style="text-align:center;"| 4
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| | style="text-align:center; white-space:nowrap;"| 3–30 kHz<br />100 km – 10 km
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| | style="text-align:center;"| [[Radio navigation|Navigation]], [[radio clock|time signals]], submarine communication, wireless [[heart rate monitor]]s, [[geophysics]] | |
| |- | | |- |
| | [[Low frequency]] | | | 8 || [[Very high frequency|VHF]] || 30 to 300 MHz || 1 to 10 m |
| | style="text-align:center;"| LF
| |
| | style="text-align:center;"| 5
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| | style="text-align:center; white-space:nowrap;"| 30–300 kHz<br />10 km – 1 km
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| | style="text-align:center;"| Navigation, [[Radio clock|clock time signals]], AM [[longwave]] broadcasting (Europe and parts of Asia), [[RFID]], [[amateur radio]] | |
| |- | | |- |
| | [[Medium frequency]] | | | 9 || [[Ultra high frequency|UHF]] || 300 to 3000 MHz || 10 to 100 cm |
| | style="text-align:center;"| MF
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| | style="text-align:center;"| 6
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| | style="text-align:center; white-space:nowrap;"| 300–3000 kHz<br />1 km – 100 m | |
| | style="text-align:center;"| [[AM radio|AM]] (medium-wave) broadcasts, amateur radio, [[Avalanche#Beacons|avalanche beacons]]
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| |- | | |- |
| | [[High frequency]] | | | 10 || [[Super high frequency|SHF]] || 3 to 30 GHz || 1 to 10 cm |
| | style="text-align:center;"| HF
| |
| | style="text-align:center;"| 7
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| | style="text-align:center; white-space:nowrap;"| 3–30 MHz<br />100 m – 10 m
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| | style="text-align:center;"| [[Shortwave]] broadcasts, [[citizens' band radio]], amateur radio and [[over-the-horizon]] aviation communications, [[RFID]], [[over-the-horizon radar]], [[automatic link establishment]] (ALE) / [[Near Vertical Incidence Skywave|near-vertical incidence skywave]] (NVIS) radio communications, [[marine and mobile radio telephony]]
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| |- | | |- |
| | [[Very high frequency]] | | | 11 || [[Extremely high frequency|EHF]] || 30 to 300 GHz || 1 to 10 mm |
| | style="text-align:center;"| VHF
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| | style="text-align:center;"| 8 | |
| | style="text-align:center; white-space:nowrap;"| 30–300 MHz<br />10 m – 1 m
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| | style="text-align:center;" | [[FM radio|FM]], [[television]] broadcasts and line-of-sight ground-to-aircraft and aircraft-to-aircraft communications, land mobile and maritime mobile communications, amateur radio, [[weather radio]]
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| |- | | |- |
| | [[Ultra high frequency]] | | | 12 || [[Tremendously high frequency|THF]] || 300 to 3000 GHz || 0.1 to 1 mm |
| | style="text-align:center;"| UHF
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| | style="text-align:center;"| 9
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| | style="text-align:center; white-space:nowrap;"| 300–3000 MHz<br />1 m – 100 mm | |
| | style="text-align:center;" | Television broadcasts, [[microwave oven]], [[microwave]] devices/communications, [[radio astronomy]], [[mobile phone]]s, [[wireless LAN]], [[Bluetooth]], [[ZigBee]], [[GPS]] and two-way radios such as land mobile, [[Family Radio Service|FRS]] and [[GMRS]] radios, amateur radio
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| |- | | |- |
| | [[Super high frequency]]
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| | style="text-align:center;"| SHF
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| | style="text-align:center;"| 10
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| | style="text-align:center; white-space:nowrap;"| 3–30 GHz<br />100 mm – 10 mm
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| | style="text-align:center;"| Radio astronomy, microwave devices/communications, wireless LAN, most modern [[radar]]s, [[communications satellite]]s, satellite television broadcasting, [[direct-broadcast satellite|DBS]], amateur radio
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| |-
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| | [[Extremely high frequency]]
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| | style="text-align:center;"| EHF
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| | style="text-align:center;"| 11
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| | style="text-align:center; white-space:nowrap;"| 30–300 GHz<br />10 mm – 1 mm
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| | style="text-align:center;"| Radio astronomy, high-frequency [[microwave radio relay]], microwave [[remote sensing]], amateur radio, [[Active Denial System|directed-energy weapon]], [[millimeter wave scanner]]
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| |-
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| | [[Terahertz]] or [[Tremendously high frequency]]
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| | style="text-align:center;"| THz or THF
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| | style="text-align:center;"| 12
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| | style="text-align:center; white-space:nowrap;"| 300–3,000 GHz<br />1 mm – 100 {{mu}}m
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| | style="text-align:center;"| Terahertz imaging – a potential replacement for X-rays in some medical applications, ultrafast molecular dynamics, [[condensed-matter physics]], [[terahertz time-domain spectroscopy]], terahertz computing/communications, sub-mm remote sensing, amateur radio
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| |} | | |} |
